Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 105, Issue 50, Pages 19606-19611Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0810903105
Keywords
diagnostics; patterned paper
Categories
Funding
- Nano/Microelectromechanical Systems Science and Technology Micro/Nano Fluidics Fundamentals Focus Center
- National Institutes of Environmental Health and Safety
- The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
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This article describes a method for fabricating 3D microfluidic devices by stacking layers of patterned paper and double-sided adhesive tape. Paper-based 3D microfluidic devices have capabilities in microfluidics that are difficult to achieve using conventional open-channel microsystems made from glass or polymers. In particular, 3D paper-based devices wick fluids and distribute microliter volumes of samples from single inlet points into arrays of detection zones (with numbers up to thousands). This capability makes it possible to carry out a range of new analytical protocols simply and inexpensively (all on a piece of paper) without external pumps. We demonstrate a prototype 3D device that tests 4 different samples for up to 4 different analytes and displays the results of the assays in a side-by-side configuration for easy comparison. Three-dimensional paper-based microfluidic devices are especially appropriate for use in distributed healthcare in the developing world and in environmental monitoring and water analysis.
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