Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY SERIES B-PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 87, Issue 8, Pages 463-485Publisher
JAPAN ACAD
DOI: 10.2183/pjab.87.463
Keywords
cytokine; eosinophil; B cells; innate immunity; acquired immunity; asthma
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture
- Foundation of Japan Industrial Association
- Toyama Prefecture
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23659247] Funding Source: KAKEN
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While interleukin-5 (IL-5) is initially identified by its ability to support the growth and terminal differentiation of mouse B cells in vitro into antibody-secreting cells, recombinant IL-5 exerts pleiotropic activities on various target cells including B cells, eosinophils, and basophils. IL-5 is produced by both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells including T cells, granulocytes, and natural helper cells. IL-5 exerts its effects for proliferation and differentiation via receptors that comprise an IL-5-specific a and common beta-subunit. IL-5R alpha expression in activated B cells is regulated by a complex of transcription factors including E12, E47, Sp1, c/EBP beta, and Oct2. IL-5 signals are transduced through JAK-STAT. Btk, and Ras/Raf-ERK signaling pathways and lead to maintenance of survival and functions of B cells and eosinophils. Overexpression of IL-5 in vivo significantly increases eosinophils and B cells in number, while mice lacking a functional gene for IL-5 or IL-5 receptor display a number of developmental and functional impairments in B cells and eosinophil lineages. In humans, the biologic effects of IL-5 are best: characterized for eosinophils. The recent expansion in our understanding of eosinophil development. and activation and pathogenesis of eosinophil-dependent inflammatory diseases has led to advance in therapeutic options. Intravenous administration of humanized anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody reduces baseline bronchial mucosal eosinophils in mild asthma.; providing important implications for strategies that inhibit the actions of IL-5 to treat asthma. and other allergic diseases.
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