Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE
Volume 99, Issue 7, Pages 1311-1326Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2010.2103291
Keywords
Cross layer; network layer simulation; physical layer simulation; vehicle-to-infrastructure communication; vehicle-to-vehicle communication; 802.11p
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Funding
- Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts of Baden-Wurttemberg [Az:Zu 33-827.377/19, Az:Zu 33-827.377/20]
- Klaus Tschira Stiftung
- INIT GmbH
- PTV AG for the research group on Traffic Telematics
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [SM07-0025]
- Area of Advance in Transportation at Chalmers University of Technology
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Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside communications is required for numerous applications that aim at improving traffic safety and efficiency. In this setting, however, gauging system performance through field trials can be very expensive especially when the number of studied vehicles is high. Therefore, many existing studies have been conducted using either network or physical layer simulators; both approaches are problematic. Network simulators typically abstract physical layer details (coding, modulation, radio channels, receiver algorithms, etc.) while physical layer ones do not consider overall network characteristics (topology, network traffic types, and so on). In particular, network simulators view a transmitted frame as an indivisible unit, which leads to several limitations. First, the impact of the vehicular radio channel is typically not reflected in its appropriate context. Further, interference due to frame collisions is not modeled accurately ( if at all) and, finally, the benefits of advanced signal processing techniques, such as interference cancellation, are difficult to assess. To overcome these shortcomings we have integrated a detailed physical layer simulator into the popular NS-3 network simulator. This approach aims to bridge the gap between the physical and network layer perspectives, allow for more accurate channel and physical layer models, and enable studies on cross-layer optimization. In this paper, we exemplify our approach by integrating an IEEE 802.11a and p physical layer simulator with NS-3. Further, we validate the augmented NS-3 simulator against an actual IEEE 802.11 wireless testbed and illustrate the additional value of this integration.
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