Journal
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
Volume 49, Issue 1, Pages 39-44Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.05.009
Keywords
Nutrition; Mental health; Adolescence; Behaviour; Raine Study
Funding
- Raine Medical Research Foundation
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) [ID 003209]
- Telstra Foundation
- Western Australian Health Promotion Foundation
- Australian Rotary Health Research Fund
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
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Objective. To investigate the associations between dietary patterns and mental health in early adolescence. Method. The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study is a prospective study of 2900 pregnancies recruited from 1989-1992. At 14 years of age (2003-2006; n = 1324), the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess behaviour (characterising mental health status), with higher scores representing poorer behaviour. Two dietary patterns (Western and Healthy) were identified using factor analysis and food group intakes estimated by a 212-item food frequency questionnaire. Relationships between dietary patterns, food group intakes and behaviour were examined using general linear modelling following adjustment for potential confounding factors at age 14: total energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, screen use, family structure, income and functioning, gender and maternal education at pregnancy. Results. Higher total (b = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.06, 3.35), internalizing (withdrawn/depressed) (b = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.15, 2.35) and externalizing (delinquent/aggressive) (b = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.51, 3.68) CBCL scores were significantly associated with the Western dietary pattern, with increased intakes of takeaway foods, confectionary and red meat. Improved behavioural scores were significantly associated with higher intakes of leafy green vegetables and fresh fruit (components of the Healthy pattern). Conclusion. These findings implicate a Western dietary pattern in poorer behavioural outcomes for adolescents. Better behavioural outcomes were associated with a higher intake of fresh fruit and leafy green vegetables. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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