Journal
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
Volume 15, Issue -, Pages 396-407Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.049
Keywords
Seaweed; Phlorotannin; Monoglycosyldiacylglycerol; Inflammation; Insulin resistance; Fucus distichus
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Funding
- UNC General Administration
- NC State University's Plants for Human Health Institute
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Chronic inflammation is characterized by macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue, which subsequently up-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes the dysregulation of lipid metabolism, ultimately leading to insulin resistance. This study was designed to examine the effects of coastal Alaskan seaweeds on the macrophage inflammatory response and lipid metabolism of adipocytes. Two bioactive subtractions from the brown alga Fucus distichus, a monoglycosyldiacylglycerol subfraction and a phlorotannin subfraction, decreased mRNA expression of acute and chronic inflammatory biomarkers. Expression of Toll-like receptors TLR4 and TLR9 were also reduced, suggesting a potential mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity via TLR attenuation. E distichus fractions decreased lipid accumulation up to 55% and increased free glycerol concentrations by 28-45%. This result was supported by increases in adiponectin and UCP-1 and decreases in leptin mRNA expression. Overall, the Alaskan seaweed F. distichus inhibited proinflammatory responses and improved lipid metabolism, suggesting the potential for seaweed phytochemicals to attenuate inflammatory diseases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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