Journal
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages 55-63Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.11.003
Keywords
Amylase inhibition; Kafirin; Microparticles; Sorghum condensed tannins; Type 2 diabetes
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Funding
- Technology for Human Resources for Industry Programme of South Africa
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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing rapidly in Africa. An appropriate therapeutic approach is to inhibit intestinal carbohydrate digesting enzymes using plant polyphenols. A crude preparation of sorghum condensed tannins (SCT) was highly effective (approx. 20,000 times) at inhibiting a-glucosidase compared to acarbose, while acarbose was a better a-amylase inhibitor (approx. 180 times). Kafirin microparticles (KEMS) were investigated as an oral delivery system for SCT. Using a simple aqueous alcohol coacervation method, the encapulation efficiency of SCT in the KEMS was approx. 48%. Quantitative data and electron microscopy revealed that KEMS encapsulating SCT were digested to only a limited extent during simulated gastrointestinal digestion with pepsin and trypsin-chymotrypsin. Hence, SCT encapsulated in KEMS retained their inhibitory activity against both amylases, throughout simulated gastrointestinal digestion, whereas unencapsulated SCT lost most of their inhibitory activity. Thus, KEMS encapsulating SCT have potential as a nutraceutical to attenuate hyperglycaemia and control T2D. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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