Journal
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 75, Issue -, Pages 135-141Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2012.08.010
Keywords
Botrytis cinerea; Table grape; Calcium; Xylem functionality; Postharvest fruit quality; Mechanical properties
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A two year research was carried out on a table grape vineyard, cv. Italia, to evaluate the effectiveness of pre- and post-veraison calcium applications for controlling postharvest table grape rots and maintaining high fruit quality during cold storage. Two calcium application timings (from fruit set to veraison and from veraison to harvest) were compared to an untreated control. Clusters were sprayed with calcium chloride as Ca EDTA 44%. After each calcium application, bunch samples were collected and Ca2+ concentration was measured in berry compartments (skin, flesh and seeds). The main mechanical and chemical characteristics were measured on bunch samples at harvesting and during storage. In addition, the incidence of Botrytis cinerea rots, computed as McKinney index, was evaluated in field on natural inoculum and after harvesting on bunches artificially inoculated and maintained at room temperature. The highest Ca2+ concentrations were detected in skin tissues and after pre-veraison applications. Calcium accumulation in skin and flesh tissues stopped after veraison, whereas it continued up to ripening in seeds since the axial flow, differently from the peripheral, remains functional. In both years, calcium applications to bunches were effective both in maintaining postharvest fruit quality, as shown by flesh firmness and berry breaking force, and in reducing B. cinerea rots during storage. The applications were particularly efficacious if carried out between fruit set and veraison when stomata are functional and the re-translocation of calcium not directly absorbed by the bunches may occur via xylem transport. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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