Journal
POPULATION ECOLOGY
Volume 56, Issue 2, Pages 257-263Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1007/s10144-014-0430-9
Keywords
Mathematical model; Mutualism; Population cycle; Predator-prey; Stability
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Funding
- Ministry of the Environment, Japan [D-1102]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [20370009, 25840164, 23657019]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [25840164, 24657020, 23657019] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Mutualistic and antagonistic interactions coexist in nature. However, little is understood about their relative roles and interactive effects on multispecies coexistence. Here, using a three-species population dynamics model of a resource species, its exploiter, and a mutualist species, we show that a mixture of different interaction types may lead to dynamics that differ completely from those of the isolated interacting pairs. More specifically, a combination of globally stable antagonistic and mutualistic subsystems can lead to unstable population oscillations, suggesting the potential difficulty in the coexistence of antagonism and mutualism. Mutualism-induced instability arises from the indirect positive effect of mutualism on the exploiter. Furthermore, for a three-species system with a stronger mutualistic interaction to persist stably, a weaker antagonistic interaction is required. Network studies of communities composed of one type of interaction may not capture the dynamics of natural communities.
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