Conducting Polymer Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Cellular Interfacing and Biosensing

Recently, conducting polymer (CP) nanomaterials have shown outstanding chemical and physical properties compared with ceramic and metal nanomaterials. Thus, significant efforts have been made to fabricate CPs that enable various biomedical applications, such as high-performance biosensing and cellular interfacing. Although sensing or measuring devices based on CP nanomaterials have shown excellent electrical and physical properties, their limitations, such as the minimum detectable level (MDL), cytotoxicity assessments, and reliable synthesis methods, remain challenges to realizing high-performance biomedical geometries. In this article, we provide the general information on CP nanomaterials and their biomedical applications focusing especially on cellular interfacing and biosensing. Moreover, we discuss perspectives for state-of-the-art biomedical geometries using various CP nanomaterials.