Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00244
Keywords
mechanotransduction; axon guidance; TRP channels; substrate rigidity; durotaxis; actin retrograde flow; neuron
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Funding
- NIH [R56NS041564, R21NS088477, F31NS074732, T32GM007507]
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Neuronal growth cones are exquisite sensory-motor machines capable of transducing features contacted in their local extracellural environment into guided process extension during development. Extensive research has shown that chemical ligands activate cell surface receptors on growth cones leading to intracellular signals that direct cytoskeletal changes. However, the envirnoment also provides mechanical support for growth cone adhesion and traction forces that stabilize leading edge protrusions. Interestingly, recent work suggests that both the mechanical properties of the environment and mechanical forces generated within growth cones influence axon guiddance. In this review we discuss novel molecular mechanisms involved in growth cone force production and detection, and speculate how these processes may be necessary for the development of proper neuronal morphogenesis.
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