New Benzoxazines From Renewable Resources for Green Composite Applications

Fully bio-based composites composed of polybenzoxazine resins obtained from renewable natural resources (such as cardanol, furfurylamine, and stearylamine) and bio-fiber such as jute fiber were prepared. The purity of the isolated cardanol was determined by Gas Chromatography. The structure of cardanol and its benzoxazine monomers were characterized by FT-IR, H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, and Mass spectroscopic analysis and its polymerization process was monitored by Differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The composites' tensile and flexural strengths were measured by UTM and its impact strength was measured by IZOD impact tester respectively. The bio composite (PCF-Bzo/Jute fiber) shows superior thermal and mechanical (from thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis) properties when compared with stearylamine-based composite (PCS-Bzo/Jute fiber). The surface morphologies of the fractured composites were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. (C) 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers