The effect of physiologically relevant additives on the rheological properties of concentrated Pluronic copolymer gels

The high concentration triblock copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)(99)-poly(propylene oxide)(69)-poly-(ethylene oxide)(99) (Pluronic F127) aqueous solutions with the addition of different components commonly used in physiologically relevant applications were characterized by rheological measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray/neutron scattering. The sol-gel transition temperature, as well as the storage modulus of the F127 solution depend both on the concentration of polymer and of clay. Above the gel transition, the storage modulus of the solutions increased with clay concentration. Yield strain is independent of polymer and clay concentrations. Two different kinds of inorganic salts, sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were added into the polymer and polymer-clay solutions. The sol-gel transition temperature decreased noticeably, but the storage modulus decreased only a small amount with increasing concentration of inorganic salts. Addition of salts to polymer-clay solutions resulted in precipitation of the clays which decreased the modulus. No effect on the mechanical properties was observed with the addition of common serum proteins. However, addition of 0.5-10% glucose decreased the transition temperature between 3 degrees and 7 degrees, without significantly affecting the modulus. The depression of the transition temperature by glucose was similar to that found with salts and indicated that the mechanism, namely competition for water, may be similar. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.