Journal
MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE
Volume 22, Issue 3, Pages 427-446Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11027-015-9679-3
Keywords
Solid waste; Wastewater; Waste management; GHG emissions; Methane emission
Categories
Funding
- Environment Research and Technology Development Fund by Ministry of Environment Japan [S-12]
- KAKENHI [25870361]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [25870361] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The global waste sector produces, on average, 2-5 % of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The amount of GHG emissions has grown steadily and is predicted to increase considerable in the forthcoming decades because of the increases in population and gross domestic product (GDP). However, the GHG mitigation opportunities for the sector are still fully not exploited, in particularly in developing countries. A series of initiatives were highly successful and showed that large reductions in emissions are possible. This study aims to propose a holistic quantification model, which can be used for estimation of waste generation and evaluation of the potential reduction of GHG emissions in waste sector for developing countries with a particular application to Vietnam. The two scenarios set for the study were business as usual (BaU) which waste management is assumed to follow past and current trends and CounterMeasure (CM) which alternative waste treatment and management are assessed. Total emissions in the BaU scenario are projected to increase from 29.47 MtCO(2)eq in 2010 to 85.60 MtCO(2)eq by 2030 and 176.32 MtCO(2)eq by 2050. The highest emissions are due to methane (CH4) released by disposal sites, accounting for about 60 % of the GHG emissions from waste in Vietnam in 2030. This emission is projected to increase significantly (67 % in 2050), unless more of the methane is captured and used for energy generation. The CM scenario gives emission reductions from 25.7 % (2020), 40.5 % (2030) to 56.6 % (2050) compared to the BaU scenario. The highest GHG reduction is achieved through recycling, followed by methane recovery to optimize the co-benefit for climate change mitigation.
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