Journal
PLOS ONE
Volume 10, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144767
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- Intramural Research Program of the Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [AI064086]
- University of California San Diego Center for AIDS Research [AI36214]
- San Diego AIDS Clinical Trial Group [CTU AI69432]
- U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command (USAMRMC) [Y1-AI-2642-12]
- National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Y1-AI-2642-12]
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. [W81XWH-07-2-0067]
- U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) [W81XWH-07-2-0067]
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The role of PD-1 expression on CD4 T cells during HIV infection is not well understood. Here, we describe the differential expression of PD-1 in CD127(high) CD4 T cells within the early/intermediate differentiated (EI) (CD27(high)CD45RA(low)) T cell population among uninfected and HIV-infected subjects, with higher expression associated with decreased viral replication (HIV-1 viral load). A significant loss of circulating PD-1(high)CTLA-4(low) CD4 T cells was found specifically in the CD127(high)CD27(high)CD45RA(low) compartment, while initiation of antiretroviral treatment, particularly in subjects with advanced disease, reversed these dynamics. Increased HIV-1 Gag DNA was also found in PD-1(high) compared to PD-1(low) ED CD4 T cells. In line with an increased susceptibility to HIV infection, PD-1 expression in this CD4 T cell subset was associated with increased activation and expression of the HIV co-receptor, CCR5. Rather than exhaustion, this population produced more IFN-g, MIP1-a, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17a compared to PD-1(low) EI CD4 T cells. In line with our previous findings, PD-1(high) EI CD4 T cells were also characterized by a high expression of CCR7, CXCR5 and CCR6, a phenotype associated with increased in vitro B cell help. Our data show that expression of PD-1 on early-differentiated CD4 T cells may represent a population that is highly functional, more susceptible to HIV infection and selectively lost in chronic HIV infection.
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