Anti-Leishmanial Lindenane Sesquiterpenes from Hedyosmum angustifolium

The aim of this work is the isolation of anti-leishmanial compounds from the ethyl acetate extracts of the bark of Hedyosmum angustifolium. We have successfully isolated and characterized five sesquiterpenes: one new compound (oxyonoseriolide, 1), isolated for the first time from a natural source 2), and three known sesquiterpenes (onoseriolide, A, 4; and spathulenol, 5) that had not been isolated from H. angustifolium. The biological activities of 1-5 showed that onoseriolide (3) was the most active against axenic amastigotes from Leishmania amazonensis and L. infantum. Moreover, it was still active on the intramacrophagic amastigotes of L. infantum. The isolated compounds also been tested on Plasmodium falciparum and against various mammalian cell lines.