4.7 Article

Boron deficiency increases the levels of cytosolic Ca2+ and expression of Ca2+-related genes in Arabidopsis thaliana roots

Journal

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 65, Issue -, Pages 55-60

Publisher

ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.01.004

Keywords

Arabidopsis; Boron deficiency; Cameleon YC3.6; Ca2+ signaling; Cytosolic Ca2+; Gene expression

Categories

Funding

  1. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [BFU2009-08397]
  2. Junta de Andalucia, Spain [BIO-266, P09-CVI-4721]

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Boron (B) deficiency affects the expressions of genes involved in major physiological processes. However, signal transduction pathway through which plants are able to sense and transmit B-deprivation signal to the nucleus is unknown. The aim of this work was to research in Arabidopsis thaliana roots whether the short-term B deficiency affects cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+](cyt)) as well as expression of genes involved in Ca2+ signaling. To visualize in vivo changes in root [Ca2+](cyt), Arabidopsis seedlings expressing Yellow Cameleon (YC) 3.6 were grown in a nutrient solution supplemented with 2 mu M B and then transferred to a B-free medium for 24 h. Root [Ca2+](cyt) was clearly higher in B-deficient seedlings upon 6 and 24 h of B treatments when compared to controls. Transcriptome analyses showed that transcript levels of Ca2+ signaling-related genes were affected by B deprivation. Interestingly, Ca2+ channel (CNGC19, cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel) gene was strongly upregulated as early as 6 h after B deficiency. Expression levels of Ca2+ transporter (ACA, autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPase; CAX, cation exchanger) genes increased when seedlings were subjected to B deficiency. Gene expressions of calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) and Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) were also overexpressed upon exposure to B starvation. Our results suggest that B deficiency causes early responses in the expression of CNGC19 Ca2+-influx channel, ACA- and CAX-efflux, and Ca2+ sensor genes to regulate Ca2+ homeostasis. It is the first time that changes in the levels of in vivo cytosolic Ca2+ and expression of Ca2+ channel/transporter genes are related with short-term B deficiency in Arabidopsis roots. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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