Journal
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 164, Issue 3, Pages 1456-1469Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.229740
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Funding
- National Science Council [NSC 100-2321-B-005-007-MY3, NSC 101-2911-I-005-301, NSC 102-2911-I-005-301]
- Ministry of Education (Aim for the Top University project), Taiwan
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Phytoplasmas have the smallest genome among bacteria and lack many essential genes required for biosynthetic and metabolic functions, making them unculturable, phloem-limited plant pathogens. In this study, we observed that transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) expressing the secreted Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom protein11 shows an altered root architecture, similarly to the disease symptoms of phytoplasma-infected plants, by forming hairy roots. This morphological change is paralleled by an accumulation of cellular phosphate (Pi) and an increase in the expression levels of Pi starvation-induced genes and microRNAs. In addition to the Pi starvation responses, we found that secreted Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom protein11 suppresses salicylic acid-mediated defense responses and enhances the growth of a bacterial pathogen. These results contribute to an improved understanding of the role of phytoplasma effector SAP11 and provide new insights for understanding the molecular basis of plant-pathogen interactions.
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