Journal
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 76, Issue 3-5, Pages 251-261Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11103-010-9706-4
Keywords
Inversion; Phylogeny; Plastid; Plastome; Substitution rates; RNA editing
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Funding
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1110767] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Most of the publicly available data on chloroplast (plastid) genes and genomes come from seed plants, with relatively little information from their sister group, the ferns. Here we describe several broad evolutionary patterns and processes in fern plastid genomes (plastomes), and we include some new plastome sequence data. We review what we know about the evolutionary history of plastome structure across the fern phylogeny and we compare plastome organization and patterns of evolution in ferns to those in seed plants. A large clade of ferns is characterized by a plastome that has been reorganized with respect to the ancestral gene order (a similar order that is ancestral in seed plants). We review the sequence of inversions that gave rise to this organization. We also explore global nucleotide substitution patterns in ferns versus those found in seed plants across plastid genes, and we review the high levels of RNA editing observed in fern plastomes.
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