Journal
PLANT JOURNAL
Volume 67, Issue 6, Pages 1094-1102Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04660.x
Keywords
APETALA1; LEAFY; FLOWERING LOCUS T; FLOWERING LOCUS D; floral induction; photoperiod
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Funding
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (ATIP)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program [PJ008025]
- Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea
- Kempe foundation
- Swedish research Council (VR)
- Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA)
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The transition to flowering in Arabidopsis is characterized by the sharp and localized upregulation of APETALA1 (AP1) transcription in the newly formed floral primordia. Both the flower meristem-identity gene LEAFY (LFY) and the photoperiod pathway involving the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and FD genes contribute to this upregulation. These pathways have been proposed to act independently but their respective contributions and mode of interaction have remained elusive. To address these questions, we studied the AP1 regulatory region. Combining in vitro and in vivo approaches, we identified which of the three putative LFY binding sites present in the AP1 promoter is essential for its activation by LFY. Interestingly, we found that this site is also important for the correct photoperiodic-dependent upregulation of AP1. In contrast, a previously proposed putative FD-binding site appears dispensable and unable to bind FD and we found no evidence for FD binding to other sites in the AP1 promoter, suggesting that the FT/FD-dependent activation of AP1 might be indirect. Altogether, our data give new insight into the interaction between the FT and LFY pathways in the upregulation of AP1 transcription under long-day conditions.
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