Journal
PLANT JOURNAL
Volume 60, Issue 5, Pages 919-928Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03998.x
Keywords
type-III secretion system; hrp; hrc; type-III effectors; plant defense; Pseudomonas syringae; virulence
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Funding
- Oregon State University
- USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2008-35600-18783]
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P>Many Gram-negative bacteria use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to establish associations with their hosts. The T3SS is a conduit for direct injection of type-III effector proteins into host cells, where they manipulate the host for the benefit of the infecting bacterium. For plant-associated pathogens, the variations in number and amino acid sequences of type-III effectors, as well as their functional redundancy, make studying type-III effectors challenging. To mitigate this challenge, we developed a stable delivery system for individual or defined sets of type-III effectors into plant cells. We used recombineering and Tn5-mediated transposition to clone and stably integrate, respectively, the complete hrp/hrc region from Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 into the genome of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1. We describe our development of Effector-to-Host Analyzer (EtHAn), and demonstrate its utility for studying effectors for their in planta functions.
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