Journal
PLANT DISEASE
Volume 93, Issue 11, Pages 1158-1162Publisher
AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-93-11-1158
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Funding
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring, Morgantown, WV
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Delaware, OH
- Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry, Harrisburg
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Verticillium albo-atrum causes unprecedented wilt and mortality of the invasive tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima) within forests of south-central Pennsylvania. Stem inoculation of potted Ailanthus seedlings in the greenhouse and canopy Ailanthus trees in the field with V albo-atrum resulted in 100% mortality. Stem inoculation of understory striped maple saplings in the field also resulted in 100% mortality. However, the high susceptibility of striped maple was not observed in naturally infected stands, where only 1% of striped maple saplings exhibited Verticillium wilt. Inoculation of chestnut oak, northern red oak, red maple, sugar maple, white ash, and yellow-poplar seedlings or canopy trees with V albo-atrum did not induce wilt symptoms. Non-Ailanthus tree species growing adjacent to dead and dying Ailanthus trees in the field were asymptomatic. Pending further studies, V albo-atrum should be considered as a potential biocontrol agent for invasive Ailanthus.
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