4.5 Article

Effect of polyamines on in vitro somatic embryogenesis in Momordica charantia L.

Journal

PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
Volume 97, Issue 3, Pages 303-311

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11240-009-9529-7

Keywords

Fresh weights; Putrescine; Somatic embryo; Spermidine; Spermine

Funding

  1. University Grants Commission
  2. BI

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The effects of exogenous polyamines (PAs) on enhancement of somatic embryogenic calli was investigated in Momordica charantia L. in vitro. Induction of somatic embryogenesis (SE) in leaf explants of M. charantia after 21 days of culture in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was determined using scanning electron microscopy. During induction of SE there were high titers of Putrescine (Put) as compared to Spermidine (Spd) and Spermine (Spm), a prerequisite for cell division. Addition of PAs to the embryogenic media resulted in an increase in fresh weights and number of somatic embryos of 21-day old embryogenic calli. Put at a concentration of 1 mM showed maximum increase in fresh weights of embryogenic calli (5 fold) and number of somatic embryos produced per 0.2 g of callus (2.5 fold). Moreover addition of PAs to the embryogenic media resulted in lowering of endogenous free PA level of 21-day old embryogenic calli. Thus, when the media was supplemented with exogenous PAs a positive correlation was found to exist between Somatic Embryogenesis enhancement and decrease in endogenous free PA levels.

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