Journal
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
Volume 37, Issue 11, Pages 2521-2531Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/pce.12308
Keywords
chlorophyll breakdown; desiccation tolerance; PAO/phyllobilin pathway; phyllobilins
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Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation [IZEBZ0_143003/1, 31003A_132603]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [L-472, I-563]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [IZEBZ0_143003, 31003A_132603] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [I 563] Funding Source: researchfish
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Angiosperm resurrection plants exhibit poikilo- or homoiochlorophylly as a response to water deficit. Both strategies are generally considered as effective mechanisms to reduce oxidative stress associated with photosynthetic activity under water deficiency. The mechanism of water deficit-induced chlorophyll (Chl) degradation in resurrection plants is unknown but has previously been suggested to occur as a result of non-enzymatic photooxidation. We investigated Chl degradation during dehydration in both poikilochlorophyllous (Xerophyta viscosa) and homoiochlorophyllous (Craterostigma pumilum) species. We demonstrate an increase in the abundance of PHEOPHORBIDE a OXYGENASE (PAO), a key enzyme of Chl breakdown, together with an accumulation of phyllobilins, that is, products of PAO-dependent Chl breakdown, in both species. Phyllobilins and PAO levels diminished again in leaves from rehydrated plants. We conclude that water deficit-induced poikilochlorophylly occurs via the well-characterized PAO/phyllobilin pathway of Chl breakdown and that this mechanism also appears conserved in a resurrection species displaying homoiochlorophylly. The roles of the PAO/phyllobilin pathway during different plant developmental processes that involve Chl breakdown, such as leaf senescence and desiccation, fruit ripening and seed maturation, are discussed.
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