Journal
PLANT CELL
Volume 26, Issue 7, Pages 2831-2842Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.126938
Keywords
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Funding
- United Soybean Board [0217, 1420-532-5617]
- Purdue Agricultural Research Program
- Purdue Research Foundation
- USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture
- Ag Alumni Seed
- AgReliant Genetics
- Beck's Hybrids
- ConAgraFoods
- Dow AgroSciences
- Indiana Crop Improvement Association
- Pioneer Hi-Bred International
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Similar to Arabidopsis thaliana, the wild soybeans (Glycine soja) and many cultivars exhibit indeterminate stem growth specified by the shoot identity gene Dt1, the functional counterpart of Arabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1). Mutations in TFL1 and Dt1 both result in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) switching from vegetative to reproductive state to initiate terminal flowering and thus produce determinate stems. A second soybean gene (Dt2) regulating stem growth was identified, which, in the presence of Dt1, produces semideterminate plants with terminal racemes similar to those observed in determinate plants. Here, we report positional cloning and characterization of Dt2, a dominant MADS domain factor gene classified into the APETALA1/SQUAMOSA (AP1/SQUA) subfamily that includes floral meristem (FM) identity genes AP1, FUL, and CAL in Arabidopsis. Unlike AP1, whose expression is limited to FMs in which the expression of TFL1 is repressed, Dt2 appears to repress the expression of Dt1 in the SAMs to promote early conversion of the SAMs into reproductive inflorescences. Given that Dt2 is not the gene most closely related to AP1 and that semideterminacy is rarely seen in wild soybeans, Dt2 appears to be a recent gain-of-function mutation, which has modified the genetic pathways determining the stem growth habit in soybean.
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