Journal
PLANT CELL
Volume 25, Issue 6, Pages 2202-2216Publisher
AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.110411
Keywords
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Funding
- World Class University program through the National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Science, Information and Communication Technology, and Future Planning (MSIP) [R31-2008-000-10105-0]
- Global Research Laboratory program by MSIP
- Global Frontier Program of the Republic of Korea [2012055051]
- [23248017]
- [24114706]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [24114706, 25650093] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Rapid stomatal closure is essential for water conservation in plants and is thus critical for survival under water deficiency. To close stomata rapidly, guard cells reduce their volume by converting a large central vacuole into a highly convoluted structure. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this change are poorly understood. In this study, we used pH-indicator dyes to demonstrate that vacuolar convolution is accompanied by acidification of the vacuole in fava bean (Vicia faba) guard cells during abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. Vacuolar acidification is necessary for the rapid stomatal closure induced by ABA, since a double mutant of the vacuolar H+-ATPase vha-a2 vha-a3 and vacuolar H+-PPase mutant vhp1 showed delayed stomatal closure. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the critical role of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(3,5)P-2] in changes in pH and morphology of the vacuole. Single and double Arabidopsis thaliana null mutants of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinases (PI3P5Ks) exhibited slow stomatal closure upon ABA treatment compared with the wild type. Moreover, an inhibitor of PI3P5K reduced vacuolar acidification and convolution and delayed stomatal closure in response to ABA. Taken together, these results suggest that rapid ABA-induced stomatal closure requires PtdIns(3,5)P-2, which is essential for vacuolar acidification and convolution.
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