Journal
PLANT CELL
Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages 1000-1012Publisher
AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.094839
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [0313546]
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [5335-21000-029-00D]
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0313546] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience [0313546] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The plant seed is a major nutritional source for humans as well as an essential embryo development and dispersal unit. To ensure proper seed formation, fine spatial and temporal coordination between the embryo, endosperm, and maternal seed components must be achieved. However, the intercellular signaling pathways that direct the synchronous development of these tissues are poorly understood. Here we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana peptide ligand CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED8 (CLE8) is exclusively expressed in young embryos and endosperm, and that it acts cell and noncell autonomously to regulate basal embryo cell division patterns, endosperm proliferation, and the timing of endosperm differentiation. CLE8 positively regulates expression of the transcription factor gene WUSCHEL-LIKE HOMEOBOX8 (WOX8), and together CLE8 and WOX8 form a signaling module that promotes seed growth and overall seed size. These results demonstrate that seed development is coordinated by a secreted peptide ligand that plays a key early role in orchestrating cell patterning and proliferation in the embryo and endosperm.
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