Journal
PLANT AND SOIL
Volume 329, Issue 1-2, Pages 27-33Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11104-009-0120-0
Keywords
Beneficial use; Manufactured soil; Spent foundry sand; Foundry sand
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As of 2007, of the 2,000 United States foundries, 93% produce ferrous or aluminum castings, generating 9.4 million tons of non-hazardous spent foundry sand (SFS) annually. Only 28% of the SFS is beneficially used. The U.S. EPA Resource Conservation Challenge identifies SFS as a priority material for beneficial use, with soil blending as a potential reuse option. The objectives of this work were to measure: (1) select chemical and physical properties important to soil quality and function and (2) total and soluble elemental content of 39 SFSs, in order to evaluate SFS suitability as a component in manufactured soils. Total elemental concentration of the SFS was lower than natural background soil levels for most elements analyzed, suggesting limited to no contamination of the virgin sand during metal casting. Pore water elemental concentrations were generally below detection. However, both total and soluble elemental content indicate a potential contribution of plant nutrients. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) planted in SFS mixtures had a median germination rate of 96.9% relative to the control. Blending SFS at varying ratios with other materials will allow tailoring of a manufactured soil's chemical and physical properties to meet specific growing needs. The SFS organic carbon, clay, and plant nutrient content are benefits of SFS that may make them good candidates as manufactured soil components.
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