Journal
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 54, Issue 1, Pages 57-68Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs132
Keywords
Arabidopsis thaliana; Blue light; Light signaling; Membrane association; Photoreceptor; Phototropin
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan [21770050, 17084002, 17084006, 20227001, 22120002, 23120523]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21770050, 17084002, 22120001, 20227001, 22120002] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Phototropins (phot1 and phot2), plant-specific blue light receptor kinases, mediate a range of physiological responses in Arabidopsis, including phototropism, chloroplast photo-relocation movement, stomatal opening and leaf flattening. Phototropins consist of two photoreceptive domains at their N-terminus, LOV1 (light, oxygen or voltage 1) and LOV2, and a serine/threonine kinase domain at their C-terminus. Here, we determined the molecular moiety for the membrane association of phototropins using the yeast CytoTrap and Arabidopsis protoplast systems. We then examined the physiological significance of the membrane association of phototropins. This detailed study with serial deletions narrowed down the association domain to a relatively small part of the C-terminal domain of phototropin. The functional analysis of phot2 deletion mutants in the phot2-deficient Adiantum and Arabidopsis mutants revealed that the ability to mediate the chloroplast avoidance response correlated well with phot2's membrane association, especially with the Golgi apparatus. Taken together, our data suggest that a small part of the C-terminal domain of phototropins is necessary not only for membrane association but also for the physiological activities that elicit phototropin-specific responses.
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