Pituitary incidentalomas

Incidentally discovered pituitary adenomas are more and more commonly encountered in endocrinology and neurosurgical practices. Often they present as difficult problems in management strategies. This review summarizes the latest evidence and opinions in a variety of settings in which incidental pituitary tumors are discovered, including subclinical pituitary tumor apoplexy. A systematic literature review was accomplished using a spectrum of contemporary sources for information regarding pituitary incidentalomas. Up to date findings regarding epidemiology, definition of pituitary incidentaloma, patient evaluation, diagnostic studies, and management are presented. Current experience from a multidisciplinary pituitary center is presented, with indications for treatment and longitudinal care of these challenging patients.