Journal
PIGMENT CELL & MELANOMA RESEARCH
Volume 28, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12280
Keywords
EZH2; H3K27me3; histone methyltransferase; melanoma; small molecule inhibitor; epigenetics
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Funding
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [633004]
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Histone modifications are increasingly being recognized as important epigenetic mechanisms that govern chromatin structure and gene expression. EZH2 is the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), responsible for tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) that leads to gene silencing. This highly conserved histone methyltransferase is found to be overexpressed in many different types of cancers including melanoma, where it is postulated to abnormally repress tumor suppressor genes. Somatic mutations have been identified in approximately 3% of melanomas, and activating mutations described within the catalytic SET domain of EZH2 confer its oncogenic activity. In the following review, we discuss the evidence that EZH2 is an important driver of melanoma progression and we summarize the progress of EZH2 inhibitors against this promising therapeutic target.
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