Journal
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
Volume 29, Issue 2, Pages 187-200Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5246
Keywords
brain; mechanism; neuroprotection; neurodegenerative disorders; saponin; therapeutic potential of saponins
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of Xiamen [3502Z20053046]
- Science Foundation for Biomedical Engineering Postgraduate Education of Fujian Province, China [06070205]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Huaqiao University, China [JB-SJ1012]
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Saponins, an important group of bioactive plant natural products, are glycosides of triterpenoid or steroidal aglycones. Their diverse biological activities are ascribed to their different structures. Saponins have long been recognized as key ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. Accumulated evidence suggests that saponins have significant neuroprotective effects on attenuation of central nervous system disorders, such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the observed effects remains incomplete. Based on recently reported data from basic and clinical studies, this review highlights the proposed mechanisms of their neuroprotective function including antioxidant, modulation of neurotransmitters, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, attenuating Ca2+ influx, modulating neurotrophic factors, inhibiting tau phosphorylation, and regeneration of neural networks. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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