Diphenyl ether and benzophenone derivatives from the marine mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp MA-37

Further investigation of the marine mangrove-derived fungal strain Penicillium sp. MA-37 led to the isolation of one new benzophenone, iso-monodictyphenone (1), two new diphenyl ether derivatives penikellides A (2) and B (3), and two known analogs monodictyphenone (4) and 6-[2-hydroxy-6(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylphenoxy]-2-methoxy-3-(1-methoxy-3-methylbutyl) benzoic acid (5). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including 1D- and 2D-NMR and mass spectrometry. The brine shrimp lethality and antibacterial activity against five aquaculture pathogens were evaluated. (C) 2014 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.