Journal
PHYTOCHEMISTRY
Volume 149, Issue -, Pages 82-102Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.02.003
Keywords
Amino acid; Tyrosine; Primary metabolism; Specialized metabolism; Natural products; Shikimate pathway; Arogenate dehydrogenase; Prephenate dehydrogenase
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [IOS-1354971]
- Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2015-67013-22955]
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1354971] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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L-Tyrosine (Tyr) is an aromatic amino acid (AAA) required for protein synthesis in all organisms, but synthesized de novo only in plants and microorganisms. In plants, Tyr also serves as a precursor of numerous specialized metabolites that have diverse physiological roles as electron carriers, antioxidants, attractants, and defense compounds. Some of these Tyr-derived plant natural products are also used in human medicine and nutrition (e.g. morphine and vitamin E). While the Tyr biosynthesis and catabolic pathways have been extensively studied in microbes and animals, respectively, those of plants have received much less attention until recently. Accumulating evidence suggest that the Tyr biosynthetic pathways differ between microbes and plants and even within the plant kingdom, likely to support the production of lineage-specific plant specialized metabolites derived from Tyr. The interspecies variations of plant Tyr pathway enzymes can now be used to enhance the production of Tyr and Tyr-derived compounds in plants and other synthetic biology platforms. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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