Journal
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
Volume 133, Issue -, Pages 152-160Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.05.028
Keywords
Cocaine; CPP; Novelty-seeking; Novelty-induced activity; Adolescence; Mice
Categories
Funding
- Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Direccion General de Investigacion [PSI2011-24762]
- Instituto de Salud 'Carlos III' (FIS)
- RETICS
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos [RD06/001/0016]
- Generalitat Valenciana
- Conselleria de Educacion [PROMETEO/2009/072]
- University of Valencia, Spain [UV-INV-AE112-65550]
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Novelty-seeking in rodents, defined as enhanced specific exploration of novel situations, is considered to predict the response of animals to drugs of abuse and, thus, allow drug-vulnerable individuals to be identified. The main objective of this study was to assess the predictive ability of two well-known paradigms of the novelty-seeking trait - novelty-induced locomotor activity (which distinguishes High- and Low-Responder mice, depending on their motor activity) and the hole-board test (which determines High- and Low-Novelty Seeker mice depending on the number of head dips they perform) - to identify subjects that would subsequently be more sensitive to the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine in a population of young adult (PND 56) and adolescent (PND 35) OF1 mice of both sexes. Conditioned place preference (CPP), a useful tool for evaluating the sensitivity of individuals to the incentive properties of addictive drugs, was induced with a sub-threshold dose of cocaine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Our results showed that novelty-induced motor activity had a greater predictive capacity to identify vulnerable-drug individuals among young-adult mice (PND 56), while the hole-board test was more effective in adolescents (PND 35). High-NR young-adults, which presented higher motor activity in the first ten minutes of the test (novelty-reactivity), were 3.9 times more likely to develop cocaine-induced CPP than Low-NR young-adults. When total activity (1 h) was evaluated (novelty-habituation), only High-R (novelty-non-habituating) young-adult male and Low-R (novelty-habituating) female mice produced a high conditioning score. However, only High-Novelty Seeker male and female adolescents and Low-Novelty Seeker female young-adult animals (according to the hole-board test), acquired cocaine-induced CPP. These findings should contribute to the development of screening methods for identifying at-risk human drug users and prevention strategies for those with specific vulnerabilities. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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