Journal
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
Volume 100, Issue 1, Pages 4-9Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.12.022
Keywords
Beverages providing energy; Water; Sugar-sweetened beverages; Juice; Alcohol
Categories
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA121152-05, R01 CA121152] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR020649, P20 RR020649-010001] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD050924] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES010126] Funding Source: Medline
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Total beverage intake patterns have changed greatly over the past half century. The present research was conducted to evaluate historic and current patterns of beverage consumption of adults and children in the U.S. Data were drawn from food balance surveys along with two-day beverage intake averages and were weighted to be nationally representative. A marked slow continuous shift downward in total milk intake with a shift toward an increased proportion of reduced fat milk was determined. The biggest shifts in beverage consumption among children aged 2 to 18 were an increase in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) (from 87 to 154 kcal/d), a smaller increase in juices ( + 21 kcal/d), and a decrease in milk consumption (- 91 kcal/d). Data among adults aged 19 and older indicated that SSB intake has more than doubled. Water intake was highly variable, with a marked increase in bottled water intake but no clear trend in total water intake. Overall trends by age were presented and indicated that age-related beverage intake, both in ounces and kcal/day, decreased sharply for adults aged 60 and older. Kcal/d values ranged from a low of 283 for those over age 60 to a peak of 533 for those aged 19 to 39 to 367 for 2 to 6 year olds. The consumer shift toward increased levels of SSBs and alcohol, limited amounts of reduced fat milk along with a continued consumption of whole milk, and increased juice intake represent issues to address from a public health perspective. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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