Journal
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
Volume 51, Issue 6, Pages 4751-4767Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2015WR016948
Keywords
unconventional resources; carbonates; multiscale pore network models; tracer breakthrough profiles
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Funding
- University of Texas at Austin
- Center for Frontiers of Subsurface Energy Security, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001114]
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We explore tracer breakthrough profiles (TBP) as a macroscopic property to infer the pore-space topology of tight gas sandstone and carbonate rocks at the core scale. The following features were modeled via three-dimensional multiscale networks: microporosity within dissolved grains and pore-filling clay, cementation in the absence and presence of microporosity (each classified into uniform, pore-preferred, and throat-preferred modes), layering, vug, and microcrack inclusion. A priori knowledge of the extent and location of each process was assumed to be known. With the exception of an equal importance of macropores and pore-filling micropores, TBPs show little sensitivity to the fraction of micropores present. In general, significant sensitivity of the TBPs was observed for uniform and throat-preferred cementation. Layering parallel to the fluid flow direction had a considerable impact on TBPs whereas layering perpendicular to flow did not. Microcrack orientations seemed of minor importance in affecting TBPs.
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