Journal
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
Volume 54, Issue 21, Pages R99-R115Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/21/R01
Keywords
-
Funding
- UK Medical Research and Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councils
Ask authors/readers for more resources
In this review, the effects of low-frequency electromagnetic fields encountered specifically during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are examined. The primary biological effect at frequencies of between 100 and 5000 Hz (typical of MRI magnetic field gradient switching) is peripheral nerve stimulation, the result of which can be a mild tingling and muscle twitching to a sensation of pain. The models for nerve stimulation and how they are related to the rate of change of magnetic field are examined. The experimental measurements, and analytic and computational modelling work in this area are reviewed. The review concludes with a discussion of current regulation in this area and current practice as both are applied to MRI.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available