Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
Volume 14, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.14.101002
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- rf group of CERN's AB and BE departments
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Superconducting cavities made from niobium allow accelerating gradients of about 50 MV/m close to the theoretical limit. Quite often, however, the rf losses increase with the gradient faster than quadratic. This observation is equivalent with a decrease of the quality factor Q with the gradient, called Q slope for intermediate gradients, and Q drop for larger ones. The paper provides an explanation by an elementary model based on the two-fluid theory of rf superconductivity and applies it to experimental data for a large variety of cavity tests.
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