4.8 Article

Reabsorption of Soft X-Ray Emission at High X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Fluences

Journal

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 113, Issue 15, Pages -

Publisher

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.153002

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Advanced Study Group of the Max Planck Society
  2. Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry
  3. Volkswagen Stiftung
  4. Helmholtz Virtual Institute Dynamic Pathways in Multidimensional Landscapes
  5. Department of Energy through the SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program
  6. Collaborative Research Center [SFB 755, SFB 1073]
  7. AMOS program within the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
  8. LCLS
  9. Stanford University through the Stanford Institute for Materials Energy Sciences (SIMES)
  10. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)
  11. University of Hamburg through the BMBF priority Program [FSP 301]
  12. Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL)

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We report on oxygen K-edge soft x-ray emission spectroscopy from a liquid water jet at the Linac Coherent Light Source. We observe significant changes in the spectral content when tuning over a wide range of incident x-ray fluences. In addition the total emission yield decreases at high fluences. These modifications result from reabsorption of x-ray emission by valence-excited molecules generated by the Auger cascade. Our observations have major implications for future x-ray emission studies at intense x-ray sources. We highlight the importance of the x-ray pulse length with respect to the core-hole lifetime.

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