Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 112, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.238104
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GRK1558]
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Hydrodynamically interacting active particles in an external harmonic potential form a self-assembled fluid pump at large enough Peclet numbers. Here, we give a quantitative criterion for the formation of the pump and show that particle orientations align in the self-induced flow field in surprising analogy to ferromagnetic order where the active Peclet number plays the role of inverse temperature. The particle orientations follow a Boltzmann distribution phi(p) similar to exp(Ap(z)) where the ordering mean field A scales with the active Peclet number and polar order parameter. The mean flow field in which the particles' swimming directions align corresponds to a regularized Stokeslet with strength proportional to swimming speed. Analytic mean-field results are compared with results from Brownian dynamics simulations with hydrodynamic interactions included and are found to capture the self-induced alignment very well.
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