Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 110, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.240404
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Funding
- GRF of Hong Kong [HKU7058/11P]
- CRF of Hong Kong [HKU8/11G]
- URC fund of HKU
- SKPBR of China [2011CB922104]
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In the framework of the Cartan classification of Hamiltonians, a kind of topological classification of Fermi surfaces is established in terms of topological charges. The topological charge of a Fermi surface depends on its codimension and the class to which its Hamiltonian belongs. It is revealed that six types of topological charges exist, and they form two groups with respect to the chiral symmetry, with each group consisting of one original charge and two descendants. It is these nontrivial topological charges which lead to the robust topological protection of the corresponding Fermi surfaces against perturbations that preserve discrete symmetries.
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