Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 109, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.107002
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Funding
- German Israeli Foundation [G-967-126.14/2007]
- DFG [SFB/TRR-21, Go-1106/3]
- Evangelisches Studienwerk e. V. Villigst
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We demonstrate experimentally the existence of Josephson junctions having a doubly degenerate ground state with an average Josephson phase psi = +/-phi. The value of phi can be chosen by design in the interval 0 < phi < pi. The junctions used in our experiments are fabricated as 0-pi Josephson junctions of moderate normalized length with asymmetric 0 and pi regions. We show that (a) these phi Josephson junctions have two critical currents, corresponding to the escape of the phase c from -phi and +phi states, (b) the phase psi can be set to a particular state by tuning an external magnetic field, or (c) by using a proper bias current sweep sequence. The experimental observations are in agreement with previous theoretical predictions.
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