Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 109, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.066803
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Funding
- JSPS (NEXT Program)
- MEXT (Innovative Area Topological Quantum Phenomena KAKENHI)
- AFOSR [AOARD 104103, 124038]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [22103004, 22103001, 24740237] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The massless Dirac fermions residing on the surface of three-dimensional topological insulators are protected from backscattering and cannot be localized by disorder, but such protection can be lifted in ultrathin films when the three-dimensionality is lost. By measuring the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in a series of high-quality Bi2Se3 thin films, we revealed a systematic evolution of the surface conductance as a function of thickness and found a striking manifestation of the topological protection: The metallic surface transport abruptly diminishes below the critical thickness of similar to 6 nm, at which an energy gap opens in the surface state and the Dirac fermions become massive. At the same time, the weak antilocalization behavior is found to weaken in the gapped phase due to the loss of pi Berry phase.
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