Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 108, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.093401
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Funding
- BMBF [05KS4KT1, 05KS7KT2]
- HGF Virtuelles Institut [VH-VI-103, VH-VI-302]
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Femtosecond x-ray laser flashes with power densities of up to 10(14) W/cm(2) at 13.7 nm wavelength were scattered by single xenon clusters in the gas phase. Similar to light scattering from atmospheric microparticles, the x-ray diffraction patterns carry information about the optical constants of the objects. However, the high flux of the x-ray laser induces severe transient changes of the electronic configuration, resulting in a tenfold increase of absorption in the developing nanoplasma. The modification in opaqueness can be correlated to strong atomic charging of the particle leading to excitation of Xe4+. It is shown that single-shot single-particle scattering on femtosecond time scales yields insight into ultrafast processes in highly excited systems where conventional spectroscopy techniques are inherently blind.
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