Using the de Haas-van Alphen Effect to Map Out the Closed Three-Dimensional Fermi Surface of Natural Graphite

The Fermi surface of graphite has been mapped out using de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) measurements at low temperature with in-situ rotation. For tilt angles theta > 60 degrees between the magnetic field and the c axis, the majority electron and hole dHvA periods no longer follow a cos(theta) behavior demonstrating that graphite has a three-dimensional closed Fermi surface. The Fermi surface of graphite is accurately described by highly elongated ellipsoids. A comparison with the calculated Fermi surface suggests that the Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure trigonal warping parameter gamma(3) is significantly larger than previously thought.