Ultrafast All-Optical Coupling of Light to Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Plain Metal Surfaces

We propose and demonstrate an ultrafast all-optical method to couple light to surface plasmon polaritons on planar gold films. By interfering two 150 fs, 810 nm pulses we excite a transient grating in the temperature of the free electrons of the metal, resulting in a grating in the dielectric function, and leading to a 1 ps launch window for plasmonic excitation. We use pump-probe experiments to identify these ultrashort plasmonic excitations between 520 and 570 nm.