Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 103, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.247001
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Funding
- EPSRC [EP/C539974/1, EP/G031460/1]
- Hungarian OTKA [K73455, K62280]
- U. S. National Science Foundation I2CAM International Materials Institute [DMR0645461]
- MPI-PKS Dresden and YITP, Kyoto
- EPSRC [EP/G031460/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G031460/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [844115] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Materials Research [844115] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Excitations which carry fractional quantum numbers are known to exist in one dimension in polyacetylene, and in two dimensions, in the fractional quantum Hall effect. Fractional excitations have also been invoked to explain the breakdown of the conventional theory of metals in a wide range of three-dimensional materials. However, the existence of fractional excitations in three dimensions remains highly controversial. In this Letter we report direct numerical evidence for the existence of an extended quantum liquid phase supporting fractional excitations in a concrete, three-dimensional microscopic model-the quantum dimer model on a diamond lattice. We demonstrate explicitly that the energy cost of separating fractional monomer excitations vanishes in this liquid phase, and that its energy spectrum matches that of the Coulomb phase in (3+1)-dimensional quantum electrodynamics.
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