Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 102, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.050403
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Funding
- Royal Society
- Wolfson Foundation
- U.K. EPSRC
- Rank Prize Foundation
- EPSRC [EP/E043631/1, EP/E036112/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/E043631/1, GR/T18332/01, EP/E036112/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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We consider forces on an atom due to a plane-wave light pulse. The standard view of the optical dipole force indicates that red-detuned light should attract the atom towards high intensity. While the atom is inside the pulse, this would increase the average momentum per photon from p(0) to p(0)n, where n is the average refractive index due to the presence of the atom. We show, however, that this is the wrong conclusion and that the dispersive forces repel the atom from the light in this particular case, giving the photons a momentum p(0)/n. This leads us to identify Abraham's optical momentum with the kinetic momentum transfer. The form due to Minkowski is similarly associated with the canonical momentum. We consider the possibility of demonstrating this in the laboratory, and we note an unexpected connection with the Aharonov-Casher effect.
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