Determining the dark matter relic density in the minimal supergravity stau-neutralino coannihilation region at the Large Hadron Collider

We examine the stau-neutralino coannihilation (CA) mechanism of the early Universe. We use the minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) model and show that from measurements at the CERN Large Hadron Collider one can predict the dark matter relic density with an uncertainty of 6% with 30 fb(-1) of data, which is comparable to the direct measurement by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe. This is done by measuring four mSUGRA parameters m(0), m(1/2), A(0), and tan beta without requiring direct measurements of the top squark and bottom squark masses. We also provide precision measurements of the gaugino, squark, and lighter stau masses in this CA region without assuming gaugino universality.