Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 100, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.067403
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We have observed a weak anisotropic x-ray magnetic linear dichroism (AXMLD) at the Eu M(4,5) edges of ferromagnetic EuO(001), which indicates that the 4f states are not rotationally invariant. A quantitative agreement of the AXMLD is obtained with multiplet calculations where the 4f state is split by an effective cubic crystalline electrostatic field. The results indicate that the standard model of rare earths, where 4f electrons are treated as core states, is not correct and that the 4f orbitals contribute weakly to the magnetic anisotropy.
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